How to Download and Install Go 1.18 on Mac and Use Go Modules
Go is an open-source programming language supported by Google that makes it easy to build simple, reliable, and efficient software. Go has many features that make it attractive for developers, such as fast compilation, concurrency, garbage collection, and a rich standard library.
Go modules are a new way of managing dependencies in Go that was introduced in Go 1.11 and became the default mode in Go 1.13. Go modules allow you to specify the versions of the packages that your code depends on, and make it easier to work with multiple modules in a project.
download go 1.18 mac
In this tutorial, you will learn how to download and install Go 1.18 on your Mac computer, how to create a new module with Go 1.18, and how to add a dependency to your module with Go 1.18.
Prerequisites:
A Mac computer with administrative access and an internet connection.
A text editor of your choice. You can use any text editor that supports Go syntax highlighting, such as VSCode, GoLand, or Vim.
A command-line terminal. You can use any terminal that comes with your Mac operating system, such as Terminal or iTerm.
Downloading and Installing Go 1.18 on Mac
To download and install Go 1.18 on your Mac computer, follow these steps:
Go to the and click on the go1.18.darwin-amd64.pkg link to download the installer package for Mac OS X.
Open the downloaded file and follow the instructions to install Go on your system. The installer will create a /usr/local/go directory where it will store the Go files, and it will add /usr/local/go/bin to your PATH environment variable.
Verify that you have installed Go correctly by opening a terminal and typing the following command:
$ go version go version go1.18 darwin/amd64
If you see the output above, you have successfully installed Go on your Mac.
Creating a New Module with Go 1.18
To create a new module with Go 1.18, follow these steps:
Create a new directory for your module somewhere outside $GOPATH/src, where $GOPATH is the directory where you store your Go projects. For example, you can create a directory called hello in your home directory by typing the following command in your terminal:
$ mkdir /hello
Change your current directory to the newly created directory by typing the following command in your terminal:
$ cd /hello
Use the go mod init command to initialize a go.mod file that defines your module path and dependency requirements. The module path is the import path that other modules will use to import your module. For example, you can use example.com/hello as your module path by typing the following command in your terminal:
$ go mod init example.com/hello go: creating new go.mod: module example.com/hello
This will create a go.mod file in your current directory with the following content:
module example.com/hello go 1.18
The first line specifies the module path, and the second line specifies the Go version that your module requires.
How to install go 1.18 on mac os x
Go 1.18 mac pkg installer download
Go 1.18 mac arm64 tar.gz archive download
Go 1.18 new features and performance improvements for mac users
Go 1.18 generics tutorial for mac developers
Go 1.18 fuzzing tutorial for mac developers
Go 1.18 workspace mode for working with multiple modules on mac
Go 1.18 register ABI calling convention for mac m1, arm64, and powerpc64
Go 1.18 release notes and blog post for mac users
Go 1.18 source code and documentation download for mac users
How to uninstall go 1.18 from mac os x
How to update go 1.18 on mac os x
How to check go 1.18 version on mac os x
How to run go 1.18 code on mac os x
How to compile go 1.18 code on mac os x
How to debug go 1.18 code on mac os x
How to test go 1.18 code on mac os x
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How to lint go 1.18 code on mac os x
How to use go modules with go 1.18 on mac os x
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How to use go tools with go 1.18 on mac os x
How to use go commands with go 1.18 on mac os x
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How to use fuzz targets with go 1.18 on mac os x
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How to use fuzz coverage with go 1.18 on mac os x
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How to create a workspace file for go 1.18 on mac os x
How to add modules to a workspace for go 1.18 on mac os x
How to edit modules in a workspace for go 1.18 on mac os x
Write some simple code in your module and save it as hello.go. For example, you can write a function that prints "Hello, world!" to the standard output by typing the following code in your text editor and saving it as hello.go:
package main import "fmt" func main() fmt.Println("Hello, world!")
Use the go run command to execute your code by typing the following command in your terminal:
$ go run hello.go Hello, world!
If you see the output above, you have successfully created and run a new module with Go 1.18.
Adding a Dependency to Your Module with Go 1.18
To add a dependency to your module with Go 1.18, follow these steps:
Use the go get command to add a dependency to your go.mod file. The dependency is a package or a module that your code imports and uses. For example, you can add a dependency on the module, which provides functions for generating famous quotes, by typing the following command in your terminal:
$ go get rsc.io/quote/v3 go: downloading rsc.io/quote/v3 v3.1.0 go: downloading rsc.io/sampler v1.3.0 go: downloading golang.org/x/text v0.0.0-20170915032832-14c0d48ead0c
This will download the dependency and its transitive dependencies, and update your go.mod file with the following content:
module example.com/hello go 1.18 require rsc.io/quote/v3 v3.1.0
The require directive specifies the version of the dependency that your module requires.
Import the dependency in your code and call its functions. For example, you can modify your hello.go file to use the rsc.io/quote/v3.HelloV3() function, which returns a quote from a famous person, by typing the following code in your text editor and saving it as hello.go:
package main import ( "fmt" "rsc.io/quote/v3" ) func main() fmt.Println(quote.HelloV3())
Use the go run command to execute your code by typing the following command in your terminal:
$ go run hello.go Hello, world. -Rene Descartes
If you see the output above, you have successfully added and used a dependency in your module with Go 1.18.
(Optional) Use the go mod tidy command to remove unused dependencies from your go.mod file by typing the following command in your terminal:
$ go mod tidy
This will remove any dependencies that are not directly or indirectly imported by your code, and update your go.mod file accordingly. This is a good practice to keep your go.mod file clean and consistent.
Conclusion
In this tutorial, you learned how to download and install Go 1.18 on your Mac computer, how to create a new module with Go 1.18, and how to add a dependency to your module with Go 1.18. You also learned about some of the features and benefits of Go modules, such as specifying the versions of the dependencies, working outside $GOPATH/src, and removing unused dependencies.
Go modules are a powerful and convenient way of managing dependencies in Go that make it easier to build and share reliable software. You can learn more about Go modules by reading the .
FAQs
Q: How do I update the version of a dependency in my module?
A: You can use the go get command with the @version suffix to specify the version of the dependency that you want to update to. For example, you can update the rsc.io/quote/v3 module to version 3.2.0 by typing the following command in your terminal:
$ go get rsc.io/quote/v3@v3.2.0 go: downloading rsc.io/quote/v3 v3.2.0 go: downloading rsc.io/sampler v1.99.99 go: downloading golang.org/x/text v0.3.0
This will download the new version of the dependency and its transitive dependencies, and update your go.mod file with the following content:
module example.com/hello go 1.18 require rsc.io/quote/v3 v3.2.0
You can also use the @latest suffix to update to the latest available version of the dependency.
Q: How do I list all the dependencies in my module?
A: You can use the go list -m all command to list all the dependencies in your module, along with their versions and paths. For example, you can type the following command in your terminal:
$ go list -m all example.com/hello golang.org/x/text v0.3.0 rsc.io/quote/v3 v3.2.0 rsc.io/sampler v1.99.99
This will show you all the dependencies in your module, including the indirect ones.
Q: How do I remove a dependency from my module?
A: You can remove a dependency from your module by deleting its import statement from your code, and then running the go mod tidy command to update your go.mod file accordingly. For example, if you want to remove the rsc.io/quote/v3 dependency from your module, you can delete its import statement from your hello.go file, and then type the following command in your terminal:
$ go mod tidy go: finding module for package rsc.io/quote/v3 hello.go:5:2: no required module provides package rsc.io/quote/v3; try 'go mod tidy' to add it
This will remove the dependency from your go.mod file, and show you an error message if you try to use it in your code.
Q: How do I publish my module for others to use?
A: You can publish your module for others to use by pushing it to a public repository that supports Go modules, such as GitHub, GitLab, or Bitbucket. For example, if you have a GitHub account, you can create a new repository with the same name as your module path (e.g., example.com/hello) and push your code there by typing the following commands in your terminal:
$ git init $ git remote add origin $ git add . $ git commit -m "Initial commit" $ git push -u origin master
This will make your module available for others to import and use by running the go get command with your module path.
Q: How do I use a local module in my code?
A: You can use a local module in your code by using the replace directive in your go.mod file to specify the local path of the module. For example, if you have another module called example.com/goodbye in your home directory, and you want to use it in your example.com/hello module, you can add the following line to your go.mod file:
replace example.com/goodbye => ../goodbye
This will tell Go to use the local version of the example.com/goodbye module instead of downloading it from the internet. You can then import and use the module in your code as usual.
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